Flutterby: Butterflies in Bloom at Roger Williams Park Zoo

Flutterby: Butterflies in Bloom at Roger Williams Park Zoo

butterfly on flower

 

swallowtail

 

 

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       Sneak Peek  

Guide to What You'll See:

Butterfly species


Plant species

How to plant a butterfly garden in your own backyard


Video:

Flutterby on film, courtesy of The Herald News

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Photo Slideshow:

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Guide to What You'll See: Butterfly Species
Flutterby features about 500 butterflies at any one time, representing around 25 different species native to North America. Exactly which butterflies you'll see may change from visit to visit, but some you may encounter include:

Gulf Fritillary

Agraulis vanillae
Common Name: Gulf Fritillary

Geographical Range:
Southern United States

Habitat:
Subtropical forests, woodland edges, and brushy field

 

Goatweed Leafwing

Anaea andria
Common Name: Goatweed Leafwing

Geographical Range:
Eastern Wyoming and Eastern Colorado south to New Mexico, Arizona, and Texas; east to Michigan, South Carolina, and Virginia

Habitat:
Deciduous woods, especially along waterways and open fields

 

White Peacock

Anartia jatrophae
Common Name: White peacock

Geographical Range:
Very common in southern Texas and Florida
Small numbers can also be found in North Carolina, Missouri, Nebraska, and Kansas

Habitat:
Open, weedy areas such as fields or parks

 

Great Southern White

Ascia monuste
Common Name: Great Southern White

Geographical Range:
South Atlantic and Gulf coasts south through tropical America
Migrate along the Southeastern coast
Strays to Maryland, Kansas, and Colorado

Habitat:
Salt marshes, coastal dunes, and open fields

 

Tawny Emperor

Asterocampa clyton
Common Name: Tawny Emperor

Geographical Range:
North Dakota south to Texas, east to New England through most of the southeastern states
Isolated populations in Florida, southwest New Mexico, and southeastern Arizona

Habitat:
Wooded areas

 

Io Moth

Automeris io
Common Name: Io moth

Geographical Range:
Maine west across southern Canada to southeastern Manitoba, the Dakotas, Nebraska, and Colorado; south to the Florida Keys, the Gulf states, Texas, and New Mexico

Habitat:
Deciduous forests

 

pipevine swallowtail

Battus philenor
Common Name: Pipevine swallowtail

Habitat:
Open habitats, open woodland, and woodland edges

Range:
Throughout most of the east coast Southern Midwest to California

 

polydamus swallowtail

Battus polydamas
Common Name: Polydamas swallowtail

Habitat:
Open woods and abandoned fields

Range:
South Texas and peninsular Florida
Strays north to Kentucky and Missouri

Gorgone Checkerspot

Charidryas gorgone
Common Name: Gorgone Checkerspot

Geographical Range:
Range: Central Canada, south through the Great Plains to central New Mexico, central Texas, Louisiana, and central Georgia.
Isolated populations in the Appalachians and the east slope of the Rocky Mountains.

Habitat: Open areas including ridges, prairies, streamsides, open hardwood forests, old fields, forest edges

 

crimson patch

Chlosyne janais
Common Name: Crimson patch

Habitat:
Lowland tropical forest edges and fields

Range:
South Texas
Strays to north Texas and southeastern New Mexico

 

silvery checkerspot

Chlosyne nycteis
Common Name: Silvery checkerspot

Habitat:
Moist, somewhat open places including streamsides, meadows, forest openings

Range:
 Maritime Provinces west to southeast Saskatchewan; south through Wyoming and Colorado to central Arizona, southern New Mexico, south-central Texas, and Mississippi

 

orange sulphur

Colias eurytheme
Common Name: Orange sulphur

Habitat:
A wide variety of open sites, especially clover and alfalfa fields, meadows, road edges

Range:
Coast to coast in the United States except for the Florida peninsula

Comments: One of the most widespread and common butterflies in North America

 

queen butterfly

Danaus gilippus
Common Name: Queen butterfly

Habitat:
Open, sunny areas including fields, deserts, roadsides, pastures, dunes, and waterways

Range:
Resident in extreme southern United States
Regularly stray and sometimes colonize in the plains
Rarely along Atlantic coastal plain to Massachusetts and the Great Plains

 

monarch

Danaus plexippus
Comon Name: Monarch

Habitat:
Many open habitats including fields, meadows, weedy areas, marshes, and roadsides

Range:
Southern Canada south through all of the United States
Also present in Hawaii.

 

julia

Dryas iulia
Common Name: Julia

Habitat:
Subtropical hammock openings and edges, and nearby fields

Range:
Peninsular Florida and south Texas
Strays north to eastern Nebraska

 

Atala

Eumaeus atala
Common Name: Atala

Geographical Range:
Southeastern Florida and the Keys

Habitat:
Subtropical shady hammocks and neighboring open areas

 

Variegated Fritillary

Euptoieta claudia
Common Name: Variegated fritillary

Geographical Range:
Most of the United States except the Pacific Northwest

Habitat:
Open sunny areas such as prairies and pastures

 

Sleepy Orange

Eurema nicippe
Common Name: Sleepy orange

Geographical Range:
Central America north to along the United States-Mexico border
 Rarely stray to Ontario, Connecticut, South Dakota, and Colorado

Habitat:
Fields and desert scrub

 

Zebra Longwing

Heliconius charitonius
Common Name: Zebra longwing

Geographical Range:
South Texas and peninsular Florida
Occasional immigrant north to New Mexico, Nebraska, and South Carolina

Habitat:
Moist forests, edges, and fields

 

Common Buckeye

Junonia coenia
Common Name: Common buckeye

Geographical Range:
Southern United States and north along the coasts to central California and North Carolina
Adults from the south's first brood migrate north in late spring and summer to temporarily colonize most of the United States and parts of southern Canada.

Habitat:
Open, sunny areas with low vegetation and some bare ground

 

Giant Swallowtail

Papilio cresphontes
Common Name: Giant swallowtail

Geographical Range:
Eastern North America west to the Rocky Mountains, south through the Southwest to South America.
A rare stray to North Dakota.

Habitat:
Rocky and sandy hillsides near streams or gullies in the north; pine flats, and citrus groves in the south

 

Palamedes or Laurel Swallowtail

Papilio palamedes
Common Name: Palamedes or Laurel swallowtail

Geographical Range:
Along Atlantic coast from southern New Jersey (rare) to Florida; west and south along Gulf Coast to central Mexico

Habitat:
Wet woods near rivers and broadleaf evergreen swamp forests

 

Black Swallowtail

Papilio polyxenes
Common Name: Black Swallowtail

Geographical Range:
Most of the eastern U.S., north into Quebec, west into Saskatchewan, Colorado and southeast California

Habitat:
Open areas including fields, marshes, deserts, and roadsides

 

Spicebush Swallowtail

Papilio troilus
Common Name: Spicebush Swallowtail

Geographical Range:
Eastern states from southern Canada to Florida; west to Oklahoma and central Texas Occasionally strays to North Dakota and central Colorado

Habitat:
Deciduous woodlands, fields, roadsides, pine barrens, and wooded swamps

 

Orange Barred Sulfur

Phoebis philea
Common Name: Orange barred sulfur

Geographical Range:
Southern Florida and the Keys.
Occasionally found in south Texas
Extremely rarely seen in Colorado, Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Connecticut

Habitat:
Open lowland sites such as forest edges, parks, road edges

 

cloudless sulphur

Phoebis sennae
Common Name: Cloudless sulphur

Habitat:
Disturbed open areas including parks, yards, gardens, beaches, road edges, abandoned fields, scrub

Range:
Permanent southern Texas and the Deep South
Regular visitor and occasional colonist in most of the eastern United States and the Southwest

 

Checkered White

Pieris protodice (Pontia protodice)
Common Name: Checkered white

Geographical Range:
Permanent resident in southern United States and northern Mexico
Temporary in northern United States and southern Canada
Not found in most of New England

Habitat:
Open areas

 

Small Cabbage White

Pieris rapae
Common Name: Small cabbage white

Geographical Range:
From central Canada south through the United States (except Florida Keys, southern Louisiana, and South Texas) to northwest Mexico

Habitat:
Almost any type of open space

 

Eastern Comma

Polygonia comma
Common Name: Eastern comma

Geographical Range:
Eastern half of the United States east of the Rocky Mountains from southern Canada to central Texas and the Gulf Coast

Habitat:
Deciduous woodlands, marshes, and swamps

 

Question Mark

Polygonia interrogationis
Common Name: Question Mark

Geographical Range:
Southern Canada and all of the eastern United States except southern Florida; west to the eastern edge of the Rocky Mountains; south to southern Arizona and Mexico

Habitat:
Wooded areas with some open space

 

Eastern Tiger Swallowtail

Pterourus glaucus (Papilio glaucus)
Common Name: Eastern Tiger Swallowtail

Geographical Range:
Eastern North America from Ontario south to Gulf coast, west to Colorado plains and central Texas

Habitat:
Deciduous woods and river valleys

 

Red Admiral Vanessa atalanta
Common Name: Red Admiral

Geographic Range:  
United States to northern Canada; Hawaii
Cannot survive coldest winters; most of North America must be recolonized each spring by southern migrants.

Habitat:
Moist woods, marshes, moist fields.
During migrations, the Red Admiral is found in almost any habitat from tundra to subtropics.

 

Painted Lady

Vanessa (Cynthia) cardui
Common Name: Painted Lady

Geographical Range:
On all continents except Australia and Antarctica

The Painted Lady is also as the Cosmopolitan because it is the most widely distributed butterfly in the world.

Habitat:
Almost everywhere

 

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Guide to What You'll See: Plant Species
The Flutterby greenhouse features nearly 50 different types of plants, all carefully selected to provide the most hospitable environment for the butterflies.

Plants you may see include:

Astilbe
Meadow sage
Beach Thrift
Coreopsis
Huskers Red Digitalis
Catmint
Candytuft
Yarrow
Black-eyed Susan
Hydrangea
Butterfly Bush
Lantana
Stonecrop
Coneflower
Dianthus
Phlox
Hosta

Shasta Daisy
New England Aster
Butterfly Bush
Mountain Laurel
Morning Glory
Trumpet Vine
Honeysuckle Vine
Pentas
Geranium
Hibiscus
Petunias
Marigolds
Cosmos
Ageratum
Begonia
Cleome
Impatiens
Tithonia
Alyssum
Bee Balm
Verbena
Gardenia
Fuschia
Salvia
Rhododendron
Assorted Mums
Black eyed Susan Vine
Gerber Daisy
Lilac
Privet
Assorted tropical Palms
Harry Lauders
   Walking Stick


Plant a Butterfly Garden in Your Own Backyard!
From roaming pastures to garden nooks, butterfly gardens can take any size or shape.   The best way to enjoy butterflies in your yard is by creating a garden that mimics their natural habitat. 

Having both host and nectar plants is a great way to attract butterflies year after year. Nectar plants attract butterfly adults by providing a primary food source.  Host plants attract adult butterflies by providing the plants on which butterflies lay their eggs. If you include both types of plants in your garden, you are providing the optimal environment for butterflies by satisfying their basic needs and you are contributing to butterfly conservation.

Having a butterfly garden requires a new way to think about gardening.   Unlike the beautiful formal gardens of the past, a butterfly garden requires a more natural approach.  When you provide native varieties of host and nectar plants, your garden begins to mimic nature.  Even though they are eating plants in your garden, remember, caterpillars are a sign that your garden is successful.  Use of man-made pesticides can disrupt the natural butterfly life cycle. Natural pest deterrents, such as crushed egg shell which target slugs, and natural fertilizers such as compost and manure are safe effective ways to nourish your garden’s plants without adding chemicals.

 

Annuals and Perennials in Your Butterfly Garden

Annuals: 
plants that grow reproduce and die in the space of a single year

Perennials: 
a plant that returns from its rootstock year after year


Did you know?

  • Many ornamental perennials act as annuals outside of their native climate zones.
  • Annuals like Lantana can be brought inside to overwinter and through the years will mature in beauty. Effectively, these annuals become perennials.
  • Native plants support a greater natural diversity of butterflies.

Resources

Butterfly Garden
Planting Grid

Have a favorite butterfly you want to attract? Use our handy reference grid of 35 butterfly species and the host and nectar plants that support them.

Rhode Island
Wild Plant Society

Find out more about native plants in your backyard.

Gardenswithwings.com
For help choosing plants for your own yard.

For more on how your garden can support native wildlife:

"Bringing Nature Home: How Native Plants Sustain Wildlife in our Gardens," by Douglas Tallamy

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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